Role of defensins in the etiopathogenesis of dental caries and chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Authors

  • A. Shtompel

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2018-1-50-53

Keywords:

diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, children, oral cavity, teeth, caries, gingivitis, defensins

Abstract

The purpose: to study the concentration level of α-defensins in oral fluid of children with tooth decay and generalized chronic catarrhal gingivitis, which proceeded
against the background of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in the dynamics of treatment.
Patients and methods. For the study observed 441 children aged from 7 to 15 years with dental caries and generalized chronic catarrhal gingivitis, which had the
varying severity of chronic gastritis and duodenitis, duodenal ulcer and malabsorption syndromes. Determining the level of α-defensins (HNP 1-3) in the oral fluid
was investigated by enzyme immunoassay («HPP», The Netherlands). Measuring range – 156–10000 pg/ml. Sensitivity – 156 pg/ml. Analysis of baseline data
showed a reduced level of concentration of α-defensins on average 8–10 times compared to the values in somatically healthy children. Application of the developed
method of treatment, including local use mucosal gel «Kvertulin» and the use of dental elixir «Lisodent», as well as the general treatment, including calcium preparation
Calcium D and probiotic «Lacidofil», promotes the significant increase of concentration of α-defensins in oral fluid, that testifies to high efficiency of the developed
treatment-and-prophylactic complex in children with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Results. Analyzing the numerical values in the age groups of children 7–12 years and in adolescents 15 years, it was established that the initial data of the studied
indicator was significantly reduced in comparison with the data not only in somatically healthy children, but also in 2.2–4.4 times less, than in children with chronic
gastritis and duodenitis (p < 0.05). After topical application of the mucosal gel in combination with the general administration of the preparation Calcium D, the concentration
of HNP increased by more than 6-7 times compared with the baseline data, but did not differ significantly from that with the first method. However, after
the third method of treatment (mucosal gel «Kvertulin» + Calcium D + Latsidofil) the concentration of α-defensins significantly increased in all age groups of children
and did not depend on the severity of the underlying disease (p < 0,05). However, the third method Using the developed LPK significantly increased the concentration
of the studied index, and the digital data obtained at the end of the study differed significantly from the values for the first and second treatment in all age groups
of children (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. The lowest level of α-defensins in the oral fluid was found in children with hard tissue and periodontal disease in the background of duodenal ulcer and
malabsorption syndrome, which indicates a direct dependence of the level of dental morbidity on the severity of somatic disease.
Key words: diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, children, oral cavity, teeth, caries, gingivitis, defensins.

Author Biography

A. Shtompel

А.В. Штомпель – ГУ «Днепропетровская медицинская академия МЗ Украины», кафедра детской стоматологии.

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Published

2018-06-20

Issue

Section

CHILDREN’S AND PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY