Сучасні підходи до механізмів прорізування постійних зубів: фокус на верхньощелепних іклах та діагностиці порушень їх прорізування (огляд літератури)

К. М. Лихота; О. Г. Якуш

doi:10.33295/1992-576X-2024-6-41

Автор(и)

К. М. Лихота Національний університет охорони здоров’я імені П. Л. Шупика https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0912-6470
О. Г. Якуш Національний університет охорони здоров’я імені П. Л. Шупика https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6212-753X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2024-6-41

Ключові слова:

прорізування зубів, ікла, зубний фолікул, затримка прорізування зубів, КЛКТ, індекс

Анотація

Вступ. Прорізування зубів — це фізіологічний процес, який відбувається у послідовності, встановленій природою для виконання однієї з основних функцій — жування. Однак трапляються випадки, коли цей механізм дає збій або переривається: виникає відсутність одного або кількох зубів, переважно верхніх іклів — фундаментальних для естетики, гармонійної посмішки та стоматогенної системи пацієнта. Гармонійність обличчя безпосередньо пов’язана з наявністю в зубній дузі іклів, важливих для стабільного прикусу. Правильний розмір, форма та розташування верхньощелепних іклів відіграють важливу роль у красі посмішки. Крім того, верхньощелепні ікла мають також важливе функціональне та гнатологічне значення: ці зуби забезпечують дизокклюзію бічних зубів під час екскурсійних рухів.

Мета: на підставі аналізу літературних джерел визначити основні сучасні підходи до механізмів прорізування постійних зубів, зокрема верхніх постійних іклів, та методів діагностики порушення їх прорізування.

Матеріали та методи. Інформаційний пошук та аналіз наукових джерел проведено із використанням наукометричних баз Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar за останні 15 років.

Висновок. Аналіз літературних джерел засвідчив, що дослідження прорізування іклів у дітей є особливо важливим аспектом у стоматології через специфічну роль іклів у розвитку зубощелепної системи. Ікла, як ключові елементи в жувальному процесі та формуванні правильного прикусу, мають критичне значення для функціонального й естетичного розвитку порожнини рота. Оскільки терміни прорізування іклів можуть суттєво впливати на правильність прикусу та розвиток навколишніх зубів, їх вивчення є важливим для ранньої діагностики та корекції можливих аномалій.

Завантаження

Дані завантаження ще не доступні.

Біографії авторів

К. М. Лихота , Національний університет охорони здоров’я імені П. Л. Шупика

доктор медичних наук, професор, професор кафедри терaпевтичної стоматології

О. Г. Якуш , Національний університет охорони здоров’я імені П. Л. Шупика

аспірант кафедри хірургічної стоматології

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