Состояние тканей пародонта при ортопедическом лечении больных с частичной потерей зубов при помощи предложенного непосредственного протеза

Abstract

Aim: to increase the efficiency of complex treatment at patients with generalized periodontitis and partial absence of teeth applying the immediate non-removable sectional denture which is based on the study of a periodontal clinical conditions.
Materials and methods. We have examined 129 patients with II and III degree of generalized periodontitis, for patients with III degree we have provided teeth extraction of the frontal group of teeth. We have divided all our patients into the following groups: first group consists of 42 patients for whom we used a direct acrylic removable denture, second group consists of 43 patients for whom we used non-removable dentures and third group consists of 44 patients for whom we used proposed by us immediate non-removable sectional denture. Control group of patients consisted of 26 people with intact dental rows. The structural and functional state of bone tissue was determined by the level of bone metabolism markers, in particular deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and the bone formation marker – osteocalcin.
Results. We have proposed the design of an aesthetic non-removable sectional denture the production of which was performed with minimal preparation of the hard tissues and the main aim of which was to eliminate traumatic occlusion. The proposed denture was fixed for 3–6 months. The usage of an immediate non-removable sectional denture in third group reduced the level of DPD within 3 months and in 12 months after permanent dentures they were lower – by 20.22 % in women and 24.24 % in men compared with indicators before treatment (p2 < 0,05). After comprehensive course of treatment and fixing of permanent dentures the indicator of osteocalcin level decreased after 12 months in patients of third group, but was higher by 20.11 % in women and by 14.8 0% in men, compared with the indicators before treatment (p2 < 0.05).
Conclusions. 1. The usage of the proposed by us immediate non-removable sectional denture is necessary during the comprehensive treatment of generalized periodontitis, especially when it is necessary to extract teeth. At the same time our denture prevents overloading of the moving teeth, prevents the development of their pathological mobility, and achieve aesthetic effect. 2. Based on the results of bone markers, we can state the positive impact of the proposed immediate non-removable sectional denture during the long period of time, especially at patients of the third group.
Key words: generalized periodontitis, immediate dentures, bone tissue, partial absence of teeth.